IRC Code 116-2014: Specifications for Readymade Bituminous Pothole Patching Mix Using Cut-Back Bitumen

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The IRC:116-2014 provides detailed guidelines for creating and using a readymade bituminous pothole patching mix using cut-back bitumen. Published by the Indian Roads Congress, this specification is essential for ensuring effective pothole repairs that last, even in challenging road conditions. Here, we’ll discuss the key aspects of the IRC Code and how it ensures high-quality road maintenance.

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Introduction to IRC:116-2014

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The IRC:116-2014 is a standardized guideline for using a plant-mixed bituminous pothole patching mix. This document was developed based on successful applications and field tests conducted by agencies like Rajasthan PWD and Jaipur Development Authority. Its adoption ensures consistency, durability, and ease of application in road repairs across India.

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Scope of the IRC Code

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This specification is designed for:

1. Pothole patching up to a depth of 75 mm.
2. Preparation of mixes that are stockable for up to six months without stripping.
3. Supply in sturdy, 50 kg plastic-lined bags, making transportation and usage convenient.

For deeper potholes, the mix must be applied in layers of 75 mm to ensure proper compaction and durability.

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Key Materials Specified

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The document emphasizes using high-quality materials:

1. Cut-Back Bitumen (MC-800): This material, conforming to IS:217 specifications, ensures proper coating and durability. It must be treated with an anti-stripping agent to pass water resistance tests.
2. Coarse Aggregates: The coarse aggregates should be clean, hard, and cubical in shape, meeting stringent requirements for abrasion, durability, and water absorption.
3. Fine Aggregates: These must be crushed mineral materials, free from dust and organic substances.

The document includes detailed gradation and quality requirements for both coarse and fine aggregates, ensuring high performance.

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Preparation and Storage of the Patching Mix

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The code specifies:

• Production Method: The mix should ideally be produced in a batch-type hot mix plant. If a drum plant is used, precautions must be taken to avoid fire hazards due to the volatile nature of cut-back bitumen.
• Temperature Control: Aggregate and bitumen temperatures must comply with specified ranges to prevent loss of kerosene from the cut-back bitumen.
• Stockpile Management: To avoid stripping and excessive heat buildup, stockpiles must be limited to 1.5 meters in height for the first 48 hours and stored in conical shapes later. Sealed mixes must be stored in well-ventilated areas, away from flames or smoking.

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Pothole Preparation and Application

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The process involves:

1. Cleaning: Potholes must be cleaned of all loose materials and dust. While a dry pothole is unnecessary, excess water should be removed.
2. Layered Application: For deeper potholes, the mix must be applied in layers of 75 mm, ensuring thorough compaction at each stage.
3. Compaction: Compacting starts from the edges towards the center, using a hand rammer or a small roller for uniformity. The compacted mix should be slightly proud of the surrounding surface to accommodate further traffic-induced compaction.
4. Sand Application: Before opening to traffic, clean sand must be sprinkled over the compacted mix to prevent pickup by vehicle tires.

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Quality Control and Testing

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Quality control is a cornerstone of the IRC:116-2014. The patching mix must pass:

• Water Resistance Test: To ensure the mix withstands moisture exposure without stripping.
• Workability Test: To confirm the mix remains workable, even in cold conditions (-7°C).
• Gradation and Bitumen Content Checks: Conducted by independent labs to ensure compliance with specifications.

Stockpiled material is subject to rejection if it fails these tests during its storage life.

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Advantages of Using IRC:116-2014 Guidelines

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• Durability: Ensures pothole repairs last longer, reducing maintenance costs.
• Ease of Use: Pre-mixed and bagged material simplifies application.
• Safety: Detailed safety precautions prevent fire hazards during production and storage.
• Environmental Suitability: Suitable for a range of climates and road conditions.

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Conclusion

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The IRC:116-2014 is a comprehensive guideline that ensures the effective preparation, storage, and application of bituminous pothole patching mixes. Its detailed specifications, from material selection to quality control, provide a reliable framework for addressing one of the most persistent challenges in road maintenance—pothole repairs. By adhering to these standards, road authorities and contractors can achieve durable, cost-effective, and efficient repairs, contributing to safer and smoother roadways for all users.

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