SHC 402: Construction of Bridges and Tunnels in Saudi Arabia – A Comprehensive Guide

Infrastructure development is a cornerstone of economic growth, and Saudi Arabia has been investing heavily in modernizing its road networks. SHC 402 – Construction of Bridges and Tunnels provides the essential construction standards for bridge and tunnel projects across the Kingdom. This guide details excavation, structural foundations, material specifications, safety measures, and quality control as mandated by SHC 402.

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Scope of SHC 402
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SHC 402 is part of the Saudi Highway Code (SHC) and applies to the construction, maintenance, and removal of bridges and tunnels. It establishes guidelines to ensure:
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• Structural integrity through proper excavation, backfill, and foundation preparation.
• Material durability by specifying concrete, steel, and other structural elements.
• Worker safety by detailing risk assessments and protective measures.
• Efficient construction methods for high-speed, long-span bridges and tunnels.
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Key Construction Phases
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1. Structural Excavation and Backfill
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• Excavation Types: Includes unclassified, rock, and substructural excavation.
• Foundation Preparation: Proper depth and compaction to ensure stability.
• Controlled Backfill: Use of select granular materials and Controlled Low-Strength Material (CLSM).
• Water Control Measures: Preventing erosion and groundwater intrusion.
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2. Bridge Construction Standards
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• Concrete Structures: Guidelines for mix design, reinforcement, and curing.
• Steel Bridges: Fabrication, welding, bolting, and protective coatings.
• Bridge Bearings: Specifications for elastomeric, rocker, roller, and PTFE sliding bearings.
• Expansion Joints: Design requirements to accommodate thermal movements.
• Segmental Bridge Construction: Methods for cast-in-place and precast segments.
  
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3. Tunnel Construction and Safety Measures
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• Excavation Techniques: Methods for soft ground and rock excavation.
• Lining Systems: Use of shotcrete, precast concrete segments, and steel linings.
• Ventilation & Dust Control: Ensuring safe air quality in tunnels.
• Waterproofing & Drainage: Preventing seepage and waterlogging.
• Structural Supports: Installation of rock bolts, steel ribs, and grouting systems.
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4. Temporary Works and Safety
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• Falsework & Formwork: Essential for casting bridge decks and tunnel linings.
• Cofferdams & Shoring: Protecting structures during foundation work.
• Traffic Management: Ensuring minimal disruption during construction.
• Worker Safety Protocols: Protective equipment, emergency exits, and risk assessments.
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5. Quality Control & Compliance

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• Material Testing: Compliance with AASHTO, ASTM, and Saudi standards.
• Structural Load Testing: Ensuring bridges and tunnels meet design loads.
• Inspection & Documentation: Regular audits to maintain safety and durability.

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Conclusion

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SHC 402 establishes the benchmark for constructing safe and durable bridges and tunnels in Saudi Arabia. By following these standards, engineers and contractors contribute to a robust transportation infrastructure, supporting the Kingdom’s Vision 2030 goals.

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